Abstract
Levofloxacin (LFX), a broad spectrum fluoroquinolone antibiotic of third
generation, is widely used to treat respiratory and genitourinary infections. Keeping in view the
controversy about its toxicity, current study was conducted to assess the levofloxacin induced
hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity and its likely noxious effects on spermatogenesis in mammals.
Forty mice, randomly categorized into four groups (N=10) were administered orally with
different concentrations of levofloxacin (0.00, 9.37, 18.75 and 37.50µg/g BW of mice) for 30
days consecutively. Mice were sacrificed on 31st day (24 hours after last dose administered)
under deep chloroform anaesthesia. Blood was extracted through cardiac puncture and viscera
were dissected out for further analysis. Levofloxacin induced reduction in body weight while
caused a noticeable increase in liver, kidney and testis weights. Significant increase in levels
of total alkaline aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase
(ALP) and bilirubin was observed in blood plasma. Urea level showed a remarkable decrease,
whereas creatinine level increased but not significantly. Histological examinations exhibited
pyknosis, necrosis, vacuolations, increased sinusoidal spaces, karyomegaly, glomerulosclerosis,
glomerulonephritis, epithelium degeneration, spermatocytes exfoliation, tubular degeneration
and aspermia in liver, kidney and testis respectively. Levofloxacin causes deleterious effects on
liver, kidneys and testes of mice and alters normal functioning of vital organs.
Chaman Ara, Asmatullah, Sehrish Kanwal, Asma Chaudhary, Ayesha Siddiqua. (2020) Haematological and Histopathological Analyses of Levofloxacin Induced Toxicity in Mammals, Punjab University Journal of Zoology, Volume 35, Issue 1.
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