Abstract
Proper visualization of the eye structures is the hallmark of diagnosis in eye diseases. With advent of newer
techniques and instruments, the significance of anterior segment eye structures is further elaborated. This
article explores the basic working principle of optical coherence tomography (OCT) and also provides a list
of commonly available instruments and their advantages over one another. It then sheds light upon the use
of anterior segment OCT in the observation of cornea, conjunctiva, lacrimal gland and other anatomic
structures of eye within the living subject. Anterior segment OCT is also helpful in the demonstration of
dynamics involving aqueous flow system. The application of this advanced technique in diagnosis of dry eye
disease, keratoconus, anterior segment eye tumors and other diseases is also explained. The examination of
normal cornea along with all its layers is possible with anterior segment OCT and it can also point out any
abnormality in corneal epithelium, edema or any other change that may occur after intra ocular lens
placement or corneal transplantation. Anterior chamber angle measurement is an essential step in the
diagnosis of angle closure glaucoma and quite accurate results are provided by this technique. The data
was searched from PubMed and Google Scholar, from the articles published during 2014 and 2020, using the
keywords “optical coherence tomography”, “glaucoma” and “anterior segment of eye”. A few of the
limitations of OCT are also discussed along with the future perspectives of this powerful instrument.
Inayatullah Khan, Kevin Joseph Jerome Borges, Nuzhat Hassan, Syed Nudrat Nawaid Shah. (2020) An insight into Principle and Practice of Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography, The Pakistan Journal of Medicine and Dentistry, Volume 9, Issue 4.
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