Abstract
Sugarcane is basically a water loving crop and scarcity of water is not only affecting its overall
production but its total sugar contents as well. Somaclonal variation is an intriguing phenomenon to study
various genetic and cellular mechanism under in vitro conditions. The induction of somaclonal variation
generates useful variability without sexual reproduction in sugarcane.
Methods: CPF-248, a drought sensitive variety was used to induce stress tolerance using somaclonal variation
approach. Various combinations of callogenesis and regeneration media were used to induce soma clonal
variations. The plants, thus achieved, were subjected to drought selection pressure using different
concentrations of PEG, the selected plants were referred as in vitro selected putative somaclonal variants 1 & 2
(IPSV1 & IPSV2). These two plants were then subjected to acclimatize under greenhouse conditions by planting
them in soil filled plastic pots. The in vitro grown seedlings named as in vitro selected putative somaclonal
variants along with parent plants were subjected to drought conditions by withholding watering for 8 days. After
10 days of treatment, data for photosynthetic and biochemical attributes were recorded and subjected to
comparison. The activity of antioxidants enzymes like superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase
(APX), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), ascorbate and carotenoid contents was analyzed using standard
protocols.
Results: A significant increase in chlorophyll a, b and carotenoid contents were recorded in IPSV1 and IPSV2
compared to parent genotype. Antioxidant enzymes (SOD, APX, CAT, POD) also increased significantly in
somaclonal variants and displayed tolerance under drought condition. Moreover, osmotic adjustment was
observed in the form of higher rate of total free amino acid and proline contents in both somaclonal variants.
Conclusion: The finding suggests that sugarcane (CPF-248) somaclones generated through tissue culture
approach are found to be drought tolerant with improved photosynthesis and antioxidant response. Further,
somaclonal variant IPSVI, exhibited better response than other variant (IPSV2).
Rashda Naheed, Muhammad Arfan, Fozia Farhat, Siddra Ijaz, Hamza Khalid. (2020-2021) Acclimatization of drought tolerance with Somaclonal variants of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.), Advancements in Life Sciences, Volume-8, Issue-1.
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