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Objective: To determine the association of potential risk factors with cataract formation.
Study design: A case-control study
Place and duration: Ophthalmology Department of Yusra General Hospital, Islamabad from 1st June 2016 to 1st December, 2016.
Methodology: A pre-tested structured questionnaire was used to collect data on demographics and various risk factors through direct interviews. Various risk factors were estimated for cataract formation like smoking, diabetes, hypertension, glaucoma, trauma, myopia and intraocular inflammation.
Results: A total of 90 cases and 180 controls of both sexes and having age between 35–75 years, were included in the study. The majority of the respondents (71%) were between 51-60 years of age, 52% were males and 48% were females. In multiple logistic regression analysis, socioeconomic indicators i.e., glaucoma, diabetes and hypertension increased risk of cataract (OR = 10.36, OR = 7.15 and OR = 5.39 respectively). In addition, myopia (OR = 5.19), trauma (OR = 4.41), intraocular inflammation (OR = 3.59) also lead to cataract formation.
Conclusion: The present study concluded that glaucoma, intraocular inflammation, myopia, metabolic diseases, smoking, trauma, dehydration crisis, poor education, low income and exposure to sunlight are significant risk factors for cataract formation on the basis of risk estimation.
Iffat Atif, Khadija Mohammad, Farah Rashid, Sareena Ishtiaq, Hafsa Seerat, Sania Iftikhar, Maham Sohail, Huma Siddique. (2018) An association of risk factors to the development of cataract, Isra Medical Journal, Volume 10, 01.
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