تلخیص
In the modern period of Ghazal i.e. post era of 1880. Two thoughts were being reflected in the poetry. Urdu poetry was in its bloom. However, after war of independence, the sub-continent faced a tremendous change in every filed of life, which also affected the poects. In such circumstances, "Altaf Hussain Hali" criticized 'Ghazal' through his book "Maqadma-e-Shero-o-Shairy." Many literary persons were influenced by the thoughts of "Hali" including Azmat Ullah Khan, Kalim-ud-Din Ahmad, Nazm Taba Tabai, Josh etc. It was criticized by many powerful literary personalities in the first quarter of twentieth century. However, there were some liberal poets who revitilized the Ghazal when it was being discarded and criticized by every literary organization.
ڈاکٹر فرزانہ ریاض. (2017) ترقی پسند معترضین غزل ۔۔ اور کلاسیکی غزل, Tahqeeq Nama, Volume 20, Issue 1.
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