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Copyright Laws regarding Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) from Islamic Perspective
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The share of GMOs (Genetically Modified Organism) is gradually increasing in the market. Companies responsible for genetic changes are pressurizing law-making bodies to make new laws for their copyrights, patent and trademarks to gain a high level of profit at national and international level. This situation is leading to severe control of companies over food items that may lead to a new type of food-slavery that may subvert world economic conditions. The rights of farmers and rights of living organisms are becoming at risk. Therefore, some naturalists, NGOs and religious scholars are opposing such laws and are trying against biopiracy and natural rights of farmers and consumers relating to food, seed-preservation and breeding. Islām has its own socio-economic system that assures to establish a balance between the rights of all stakeholders, therefore it is necessary to know about the legitimacy of copyrights, patents and trademarks regarding GMOs and limitations enjoined by the shari’āh while chalking out such laws. Animals and plants are used as food by living organisms, hence they assume a high degree of importance in life and need uniform availability of food items for all living organisms around the globe. Such laws regarding books, business, scientific research, software etc. are accepted by modern Muslim jurists and institutions of collective Ijtihād, but it’s imperative to know that while these laws are implementable on GMOs or not? Moreover, it is necessary to examine these laws to bring forth their benefits and harms to the society in the light of shari’āh guidelines to minimize these harms and maximize their benefits.
Muhammad Muslim, Altaf Hussain Langrial. (2020) جینیاتی طور پر تبدیل شدہ جانداروں کے کاپی رائٹس : ایک فقہی تجزیہ, AFKĀR (Journal of Islamic & Religious Studies) , Volume 4, Issue 2.
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