تلخیص
The main theme of the article is to highlight the issue of religious harmony and tolerance from the period of Alexander, the Great. The article deals with the evolution of different religious and minority sects in the Pakistan borderland throughout history. It was the tolerant attitude of the local people due to which various religions flourished here such as Hinduism, Budhism, Zoroastrianism and Islam. The paper also analyzes that what were the factors which were responsible in the grooming of extremist elements among the Pakhtuns. It also traces the origin of Sunni Shia conflict among the Pakhtuns. The role of various Pakhtuns leaders and Ulema have been discussed to understand their role in all these development.