تلخیص
the article describes the initial history of film in the world, Film is the most powerful tool of mass-communication, its history is very uniue and different. the first film of the world was started in 1895. But after that it became popular uite speedily in different countries. every country tried to adopt this effective medium and started their national film industries. in this way, film emerged as the most powerful medium of expression and entertainment. film history of 9 countries (China, Italy, France, Australia, Germany, Japan, Iran, Spain, Indonesia, Turkey) have been evaluated critically to find out the common characteristics of this genre. this study also provides critical analysis of the selected film industries of the past.
ڈاکٹرسونیا اللہ رکھا. (2017) دنیادےاڈواڈملکاں ویچ فلم دی تاریخ, Punjab Rung, Volume , Volume.
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