Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to determine risk factors and maternal complications in cases of abruptio placentae.
STUDY DESIGN: It was an observational and descriptive study.
SETTING: This study was conducted in Obstetric and Gynaecology Unit-I of Liaquat University
Hospital Hyderabad from November 2011 to October 2012 (12-months).
METHODOLOGY: All the pregnant women with gestational age 24 weeks or greater on ultrasound having retroplacental clot on ultrasound and/or painful vaginal bleeding were included in
this study by using non-probability purposive sampling technique whereas women presenting
with vaginal bleeding due to causes other than abruptio placentae were excluded from the
study.
RESULTS: During the study period total 3329 women delivered among which 115 presented
with abruptio placenta making the proportion of 3.46%. Among these 115 cases only 11 (9.57%)
were booked. Women delivered vaginally were 74 (64.35%) whereas 41 (35.65%) underwent operative delivery. In this study the most frequent age group was >30 years (51, 44.35%) with
mean±SD age of 30.02±7.648 years. Majority (62, 53.91%) were grandmultiparous with mean±SD
parity of 4.98±3.068. Most of the women (76, 66.09%) presented with gestational age >37-weeks.
Gestational age >37 weeks was most frequent risk factor followed by hypertension (59.13%),
grandmultiparity (53.91%), anemia (38.26%), poverty (19.13%), smoking (12.17%) and trauma
(2.61%). Maternal outcomes were postpartum anemia (44.35%), shock (35.65%), PPH (28.70%),
PROM (13.91%), postpartum infection (6.96%), DIC (4.35%), renal failure (4.35%) and maternal
mortality (2.61%).
CONCLUSION: Abruptio placentae is still one of the major threat to the well being of pregnant
women in our population with alarmingly high rate of 3.46% as compared to worldwide rate of
0.7-1%. Gestational age >37-weeks, hypertension, grandmultiparity and anemia are found to be
major risk factors for abruptio placentae whereas maternal age does not seem to have any association.
Saira Dars, Farhat Sultana , Naheed Akhter. (2013) Abruptio Placentae: Risk Factors and Maternal Outcomes at a Tertiary Care Hospital , Journal of Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Volume-12, Issue-3.
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