Abstract
As recently as 30 years ago, macular holes were
thought to be untreatable. Kelly and Wendel showed
that this was not the case in 1991 when they published
their pilot study on vitreous surgery for idiopathic
macular holes1
. In 1997, Eckardt et al. introduced
internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling2
, following
which, pars plana vitrectomy, internal limiting
membrane peeling, fluid/gas exchange and face-down
positioning were soon adopted as the standard
treatment method for successful hole closure and
BCVA improvement. Surgeons improved their own
results by using smaller gauge instruments and,
especially, by more qualified patient selection: earlier
treatment, non-myopic eyes, better initial visual
acuity, and smaller macular holes.
Zofia Michalewska, Jerzy Nawrocki. (2019) Inverted ILM Flap Technique, Pakistan Journal of Ophthalmology, Volume 35, Issue 3.
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