Abstract
The main objective of this study was to analysis of perception about referee and general self-efficacy in Pakistan
elite officials and athletes. Referee and technical officials are important for organized sports contest. But now a
day’s sports administrators are facing a problem. Day by day the number of qualified sports referees is on the
decline. The insufficient number of technical officials may directly have negative impact on the quality and quantity
of sports. The sample of this study was referees football male (n=85) and female (n=2) and hockey male (n=45) and
female (n=5) from Pakistan. Referee self-Efficacy Scale (REFS) and General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE) scale
utilized to measure these variables. The data analysis were completed through SPSS and it indicated that subdimension referee self-efficacy physical fitness, game knowledge, decision making, communication and referee selfefficacy indicated that football referees had significantly better mean score than hockey referees. The results also
indicate that football and hockey referees had similar level of general self-efficacy with having little pressure than
football referees during match. The correlation coefficients between all variables are significant except decision
making and pressure, communication and GSE. The results of this study concluded that football referee and
technical officials have high level of physical fitness, game knowledge, decision making, communication and referee
self-efficacy score than hockey referees. Although, football and hockey referees have same level of self-efficacy, but
hockey referees had more pressure than football.
Sajjad Ali Gill, Muhammad Zafar Iqbal Butt, Badar Mohy ud Din. (2022) A Comparative Study of Referee and General Self-Efficacy between Football & Hockey Elite Referees of Pakistan, Journal of the Research Society of Pakistan, volume 59, issue 1.
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