Abstract
―The supreme art of war is to subdue the enemy without fighting.‖ (Sun Tzu, 2000)
The 21st century is marked with the introduction of the concept „hybrid warfare‟ in the international politics,
however, the use of its tactics is not a novel phenomenon. In this asymmetric warfare, multi-modal strategies
including conventional and non-conventional have been used blurring the distinction between military, insurgency
and terrorists activities. Multiple actors are mobilized in this warfare including state and non-state to achieve a
targeted political objective that is to subdue the enemy. Due to the globalization, unprecedented technological
advancement and artificial intelligence, the hybrid adversary is adaptive and flexible in shifting strategies and
tactics. The aim of this paper is to explore conceptual contours of hybrid warfare and India‟s employment of hybrid
warfare strategies confronting Pakistan‟s security. The study concludes by proposing recommendations about the
need to formulate a comprehensive response strategy by Pakistan to deter hybrid warfare challenges of its
adversary India.
Izzat Raazia, Muhammad Ahtasham Jan Butt, Munawar Sabi, Iqra Rafaqat. (2022) Conceptualizing Hybrid Warfare: India’s Tactics Confronting Pakistan’s Security, Journal of the Research Society of Pakistan, volume 59, issue 3.
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