Abstract
Purpose: To estimate the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy on the posteriorpole of newly diagnosed diabetic patients using a non-mydriatic fundus camera.Materials and Methods: Descriptive case series of 822 patients (male: female29.4:70.6), screened during 10 months (August 2014-May 2015) was done inDiabetes Endocrine and Metabolic Centre (DEMC) using a single posterior polephotograph centered on the fovea using a non-mydriatic fundus camera. Withoutpupil dilation, grading of diabetic retinopathy was done using Airlie Houseclassification which divides diabetic retinopathy (DR) into 5 grades i.e.background DR, pre-proliferative DR, proliferative DR, maculopathy andadvanced disease. After grading, patients were referred to eye outpatientdepartment for further management. Newly diagnosed diabetics, includingpregnant and hypertensive patients were studied. Patients with hazy media,cataracts and evisceration were excluded.Results: 170 (20.6%) out of 822 patients showed diabetic retinopathy in which10 patients had type 1 (5.8%) while 160 patients (94.1%) had type 2 diabetes atpresentation. Highest distribution of diabetic retinopathy belonged to the agegroup 50 (21.7%) (Mean 50.4, Std. Deviation 9.76). Out of 170, 98 patientsshowed background diabetic retinopathy (57.6%), 31 patients showed preproliferative(18.25%), 20 patients showed proliferative diabetic retinopathy(PDR) (11.7%), 12 showed maculopathy (7.05%) and only 9 patients (5.2%)showed advanced disease. Patients with vitreous hemorrhage, tractional retinaldetachment and neovascular glaucoma were considered as having advanceddisease. These results were totally based on posterior pole findings of diabeticpatients. Out of 170 patients, 8 had nephropathy (4.7%), 122 had neuropathy(71.7%) and 99 patients (58.2%) had preexisting hypertension.Conclusion: Fundus photograph with a non mydriatic camera in a diabeticmedical center is a very useful tool to guide patients for early treatment, toprevent blindness.Key words: Diabetes Mellitus, Fundus camera, Diabetic retinopathy screening.
Saher Khalid, Mohammad Moin, Muhammad Imran Hasan Khan. (2015) Screening of Diabetic Retinopathy in a Diabetic Medical Center, Pakistan Journal of Ophthalmology, Volume 31, Issue 3.
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