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This paper evaluates validity of the five modes of military intervention offered by S.E. Finer in politics in the perspective of military coup (1999) in Pakistan. As stated by Finer, professionalization of officer corps, rise of the nation-state and nationalism, popular sovereignty, rise of an insurrectionary military and creation of new independent states contribute to the military‟s choice to oust the civilian government and intercede in the affairs of country. Findings of this paper endorse that though not all of the Finer‟s modes are essentially fully applicable to the Pakistan, nonetheless his overall framework contributes for major drivers of the October 12, 1999 military coup.

Zab-un-Nisa , Mughees Ahmad. (2018) Fener’s modes of Military Intervention: The Case of Pakistan (October 12, 1999), Journal of the Punjab University Historical Society, Volume 31, Issue 2.
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