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The present study was conducted to develop a reliable and valid indigenous scale to assess the emotional
phenomena of fear. A mixed approach design was used in this study. The sample comprised university
undergraduate students within the age range of 21-26 years with a mean age of 22 years and the data was
gathered using purposive sampling techniques. In the first phase of this study items were generated that provoke
fear among undergraduate students, for this purpose 60 students were individually interviewed regarding the
fear provoking objects and situations by employing interview protocol. On the basis of these interviews Fear
Scale was developed. A pilot study was completed to assess the accuracy and comprehension of the scale. In the
second phase, data was gathered from 300 male and 300 female students. The construct validity was determined
through Factor Analysis. This process yielded three factors which were disgust, horror and anxiety;
furthermore, significant positive correlation was found between these three factors. Moreover, Fear Scale
showed high internal consistency of reliability i.e. 0.89. In conclusion, this newly developed scale is a valid and
reliable indigenous measure of fear among undergraduate students of both genders.
Rabia Farooqi, M. Asir Ajmal , Syeda Salma Hasan. (2014) Development of Fear Scale, Pakistan Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, Volume 12, Issue 1.
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