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Background: Sugary carbonated drinks might be the risk factor in patients with complaint of sensitivity. Therefore, the aim of the study was to evaluate consumption of fizzy drinks with sensitivity ... Read More
Background: Men are the leading decision-makers in our society, thus it is prudent to involve them in the reproductive health desires of the families. This study aimed to identify the practices, pe ... Read More
Background: The importance of medical ethics principles is not emphasized therefore has diminished role in the medical students’ mind. Additionally, practicing in an environment where senior physic ... Read More
Atopic Eczema is a non-contagious skin disease. This study was undertaken to determine the role of home environment allergens in aggravation of atopic eczema by using EASI (Eczema Area And Severity In ... Read More
Penile carcinoma, representing less than one percent of all cancers in males, is a condition where diagnosis is frequently delayed, therefore the disease and its treatment results in significant morbi ... Read More
Studies worldwide have observed a link between VDR polymorphism and Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes is a complex disease characterized by insulin deficiency caused by the alterations in the function of pa ... Read More
Cell cycle progression through each phase is regulated by series of kinase family, the cyclin dependent kinases (CDK). To understand this CDK machinery that controls normal cell cycles, by forming CDK ... Read More
Rotavirus is known to be one of the five top most pathogens causing gastroenteritis globally, mostly in children age group of less than 5 years. Almost every child during this age experiences at least ... Read More
Background: Burns are associated with morbidity and mortality and have greatly affected mankind. They form the fourth most type of trauma encountered worldwide, preceded by traffic accidents and ho ... Read More
Background: Men may also experience bone loss due to declining testosterone levels with aging which might be associated with osteoblastic activity. The objective of the study was to find out the as ... Read More
Background: Thyroid hormone is necessary for metabolism, growth and brain development. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) secreted by anterior pituitary gland acts on thyroid to release thyroid horm ... Read More
Background: The aim of this study was to document the frequency of ABO discrepancies through ABO blood group test performed by the tube technique method. It was conducted on residents of Karachi in ... Read More
Introduction: A series of 550 patients with a clinical diagnosis of plantar fascitis. All patients were initially given a conservative trial with anti-inflammatory medications along with resting an ... Read More
Background: A lung abscess is characterized by a necrotic lesion with marked cavitation and exudate within the lung parenchyma. The objective of this study was to identify the most common causative ... Read More
Background: Cervical cancer is regarded as a second most common cancer among women. In developing countries, a disproportionate influence of cervical cancer has accounted approximately 85% of the ... Read More
Background: Spontaneous bacterial peritoinitis is one of the life threatening complications of Cirrhosis of liver. Mortality and morbidity are high because of sepsis, hepatorenal syndrome and liver ... Read More
Background: Aloe Vera can be used as adjunct to conventional periodontal therapy in patients with chronic periodontitis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical effectiveness of l ... Read More
Background: Southeast Asian recipes for everyday meals incorporate the use of several spices such as onions, red chillies, turmeric, coriander, cumin, black pepper, garlic and ginger, while cardamo ... Read More
Despite cancer being one of the most common causes of mortality in Pakistan, little authentic data is available regarding the status, incidence and survival of cancer in our population the reason bein ... Read More
Objective: To study the phenomena of weight misperception and to assess the intentions of weight management in the adult population of Karachi, Pakistan. Factors which lead to weight loss efforts w ... Read More
Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the various patterns of partial edentulism of maxillary arch in patients seen at department of Prosthodontics, Dr Ishrat- Ul -Ebad Khan Insti ... Read More
Craniosynostosis has a prevalence of 1 in 2000 to 2500 live births. We report on a case of craniosynostosis managed surgically. Method: A 2-year old male, case of craniosynostosis which presented to ... Read More
Rates of cesarean section (CS) are increasing globally; hence pregnancies with previous CS are also increasing at an alarming rate. This leads to increased complications in pregnancy such as morbidly ... Read More
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory condition characterized by destruction of the periodontal tissues resulting in loss of connective tissue attachment and alveolar bone, with formation of patholo ... Read More
Candidiasis is one of the common fungal infections. It is known as the disease of people with compromised immunity, that usually infects premature infants, elderly and hospitalized patients with co-mo ... Read More
Background: This study investigated the frequency of errors in the construction of multiple- choice questions used for the assessment of para-clinical sciences in medical course at the University o ... Read More
BACKGROUND: Blood transfusion till recently was a life threatening procedure until the discovery of ABO blood groups. Today committee of League of Nations has recommended A, B, AB & O classificatio ... Read More
Background: Head injury (HI) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children in Pakistan. The King’s Outcome Scale for Childhood Head Injury (KOSCHI) has been developed to measure outcome ... Read More
Background: Over the years, the epidemiology of maxillofacial fractures keeps changing and new trends in etiology, pattern of presentation and management are constantly evolving. This, therefore, n ... Read More
Background: The objective of root canal treatment is to eliminate infection and irritants from the root canal system.Working length determination and maintenance are essential for the success of tr ... Read More
Background: Foreign bodies in the ear are relatively common in the practice of otology. Children below 10 years of age are usually more involved than adults. The physical characteristics of these f ... Read More
Background: Oxidative stress, an imbalance of pro-oxidants and antioxidants, is reported to be associated with female infertility. This study was aimed to compare cortisol (oxidative stress marker) ... Read More
Non Communicable Diseases (NCD’s), the emerging of major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide including developing countries, are estimated to accounts for 50% of total deaths in Pakistan accord ... Read More
Fusion of two teeth is rare developmental disorder which is encountered by a clinician. It is commonly reported in deciduous dentition. The fused crown appears broader and usually an esthetic concern. ... Read More
There is global increase in resistance among bacterial species that lead to critical infections. Most of the Gram-negative bacteria are labelled as multi drug resistant. Among all different species, t ... Read More
Objectives: To assess the prevalence of anxiety, to determine various factors associated with anxiety among undergraduate students. Methods: Descriptive cross sectional study done at different Ins ... Read More
Background: Most researches on Gastrointestinal (GI) disorders are conducted in secondary health care settings, yet majority patients present at a primary health care level. Functional dyspepsia (I ... Read More
BACKGROUND: Staple-line reinforcement is traditionally used in laparoscopic weight loss surgery in order to reduce bleeding and leakage. The purpose of this study was to find out the role of buttre ... Read More
Objectives: To develop interest in laboratory based genetic research in undergraduate medical students and to identify the effectiveness of hands on laboratory exposure in culminating interest and ... Read More
Background: Early pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a process which includes different pain components; laparoscopic cholecystectomy is characterized by a short hospital stay, hence, pain ... Read More
Background: To determine the ureteric calculus in patients with renal colic using trans-abdominal ultrasound (US) and un-enhanced helical CT (UHCT). The aim of this study was to conduct an evaluati ... Read More
Background: Gonial angle is extensively used in orthodontics for the diagnosis of the growth pattern. Lateral cephalograms and panoramic radiographs both can be used to assess this angle. The aim o ... Read More
Background: Enteric fever spread worldwide by Salmonella typhi (S. typhi). The causative agent, S. typhi is gram negative bacilli belongs to the family Enterobacteriaceae. It is a motile, facultati ... Read More
Background: Esophageal cancer is an aggressive disease with high mortality, mainly due to late stage diagnosis. Radiation therapy alone cannot cure patients who are either reluctant or medically un ... Read More
Policy drives practice and Health Services Research is at the intersection of policy, practice and patient outcomes. Health Services Research in relation to disability has to reform targets to add va ... Read More
Fusion of two teeth is rare developmental disorder which is encountered by a clinician. It is commonly reported in deciduous dentition. The fused crown appears broader and usually an esthetic concern. ... Read More
Cardiovascular disease (CVD), the leading cause of mortality around the world, among many risk factors has but some are modifiable one of which is lifestyle. The key element in the healthy lifestyle ... Read More
Background: Pneumonia remains one of the main causes of childhood mortality despite the availability of simple, safe, effective and inexpensive interventions to curb its mortality. This could result ... Read More
BACKGROUND: Efficient communication skills are essential for doctors to extract relevant information, counsel the patients and formulate a warm relationship with the patients. It’s essential for medic ... Read More
Background: Surgical approaches used in the treatment of patients with severe lumbar spondylolis thesis(Grade II and Grade III)are usually associated with a great deal of controversies. The objective ... Read More
Background: Tooth structure loss can be due to carious or non carious lesions. Non carious lesions are of different type’s attrition, abrasion and erosion. They may be symptomatic or asymptomatic and ... Read More
Background: Consequent Injury to branches of the trigeminal nerve is a well-recognized risk of dental and oral surgical procedures. Neurosensory impairment of inferior alveolar nerve is seen in traum ... Read More
Background: Otalgia, one of the most common complain reported in OPD of otorhinolaryngologist, is agonizing and affects all age groups. The objective of the study was to highlight the use of Multidis ... Read More
Background: Rugoscopy is the study of palatal rugae. Palatal rugae are irregular ridges on the mucosal membrane projections extending from incisive papilla to anterior part of palate. They are unique ... Read More
Background: Tuberculosis is a major health issue of developing countries like Pakistan. Multi drug resistance (MDR) and Extensive drug resistance (XDR) in M. tuberculosis is on continuous rise in our ... Read More
In a 1997 Editorial in the Pakistan Journal of Otolaryngology.1 I wrote, under that title, on the then emerging role of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (OMFS) specialization in Pakistan noting, with ... Read More