Abstract
This article is related to the establishment of political power of Pakhtuns under Malak Ahmad Khan Yusufzai in the Sixteenth century in the area which is nowadays called Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The theme of the article is much important because it traces the establishment of a political machinery for the first time in a Pakhtun dominated region. In fact, for his outstanding leadership qualities, Malak Ahmad Khan is regarded as the founder of modern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The paper focuses on the relationship of the Mughal and Pakhtuns and also of the various political powers existed in the region at that time. An attempt has been made to provide a detailed account that how and under what circumstances, a modern, comprehensive and workable administrative structure was founded by Malak Ahmad Khan Yusufzai. This aspect has never been investigated, hence the present article would reconstruct and explore various dynamics which existed in the region at the time of Yusufzai's settlement
