Abstract
Covid-19 has compelled educators to change their landscape for teaching and learning in higher education. This new landscape combines physical and virtual environments known as blended or hybrid learning models. The revised Community of Inquiry (RCoI) framework is a useful model for analyzing and improving the blended learning environments. This paper has used the Revised Community of Inquiry (RCoI) framework which involves Learner, Teaching, Social and Cognitive presence. This research tested the impact of RCoI on students learning with the moderating role of Technology. The data was collected from 462 students from 6 different universities in Karachi, Pakistan out of which, 150 were female and 312 were male students. Results indicated that Learner (Std β =0.096; p value<0.1), Teaching (Std β =0.128; p-value <0.05), Social (Std β =0.116; p-value <0.1), and Cognitive presence (Std β =0.378; p-value <0.01) have a positive impact on Students Learning. Technology increases Students Learning with Std β =0.184 and p-value <0.01. Further, technology moderates the relationship between Cognitive Presence and Students Learning with Std β = -0.129, p-value = 0.043. It was found that Technology reduces the cognitive presence of students and their learning. They are lesser involved in critical thinking and problem-solving. Universities must train teachers about the software tools and key pedagogical concepts to increase cognitive thinking for effective learning

Sania Usmani. (2021) COVID-19 Pandemic and Blended Learning: A Quantitative Assessment of Revised Community of Inquiry (RCoI) Framework, Journal of Education and Educational Development, Volume 8, Issue 2.
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