Abstract
The crushing defeat in the War of Independence seemed to restrict the Indians to
the status of virtually the Red Indians. A richer America might arise lest the Indian
did not have the passion to resist their annihilation with strong nerves. Especially
the Muslims were main target as a community. But the Muslims were wise enough
to carve out a space to evade their extinction as a community under the British by
developing social organizations. This resulted in a mushroom of social
organizations and the Punjab took lead in it. First social organization in India
was established in 1817 while first Muslim organization was setup in Bengal in
1855.2
The only affair; the Muslims could think for as a community was religion in the
post-1857 era. The loss of the political power coupled with new rulers’ wrath
further aggravated the situation and the Muslims started reforming and
organizing their religious trends so as to survive as a religious community without
any transcending agenda in new setup.
This paper seeks to analyze the nature and character of social organizations of the
Punjab with a view to locate their part in determining the ideals for the Punjabi
Muslims regarding their setup vis-à-vis other communities of India especially the
Hindus particularly under any type of self rule. Though, not directly related to the
idea of Pakistan, ideals set by these organizations later determined the nature of
the very idea.
Muhammad Raza Taimoor, Farzana Arshad, Salma Shaukat, Muhammad Iqbal Chawla. (2019) Role of Punjab in Determining the Idea of Pakistan: A Study of Muslim Social Organizations of the Colonial Punjab, Journal of the Research Society of Pakistan, Volume 56, Issue 1.
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