Abstract
This paper examines epical elements in Pashto Tappa. Pashto Tappa, a unique and
popular genre of Pashto folk Poetry, or expressive song, composed and sung by men
and women alike, has been instrumental in depicting the emotions and expressions of
Pashtuns since ages. It has reflected the social, cultural and religious expression of
Pashtuns. The traits of velour, honour, and prestige of Pashtuns in times of war and
battles against the invaders or outsiders such as, the Mughals, British have been articulated in Tappa. Besides, the elements of love existing in Pashtuns, also articulated in
Tappa. Possessing tremendous creative possibilities, Pashto Tappa can be manipulated
according to myriad situations. A highly-valued verse form, it has been a popular and
distinguished way of expressing emotions and feelings in verse. Poetry sung in Tappa,
expresses intense emotions with deeper thought and effect. It also reflects the Pashtun
code of life, Pashtunwali, and the cultural development associated with the epical elements. Due to these aspects, Pashto Tappa has its own individuality, popularity and
importance in Pashto literature.
Noor Muhammad Danish Bettani. (2017) Epical Elements in Pashto Tappa, Pashto, Volume 46, Issue 1.
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