Abstract
MANET is characterised by a set of mobile nodes in an inherently insecure environment, having limited battery
capacities. Provisioning of energy efficient security in MANETs is, therefore, an open problem for which a number
of solutions have been proposed. In this paper, we present an overview and comparison of the MANET security at
routing layer by using the cryptographic and Artificial Immune System (AIS) approaches. The BeeAdHoc protocol,
which is a Bio-inspired MANET routing protocol based on the foraging principles of honey bee colony, is taken as
case study. We carry out an analysis of the three security frameworks that we have proposed earlier for securing
BeeAdHoc protocol; one based on asymmetric key encryption, i.e BeeSec, and the other two using the AIS approach,
i.e BeeAIS based on self non-self discrimination from adaptive immune system and BeeAIS-DC based on Dendritic
Cell (DC) behavior from innate immune system. We extensively evaluate the performance of the three protocols
through network simulations in ns-2 and compare with BeeAdHoc, the base protocol, as well as with state-of-the-art
MANET routing protocols DSR and AODV. Our results clearly indicate that AIS based systems provide security at
much lower cost to energy as compared with the cryptographic systems. Moreover, the use of dendritic cells and
danger signals instead of the classical self non-self discrimination allows to detect the non-self antigens with greater
accuracy. Based on the results of this investigation, we also propose a composite AIS model for BeeAdHoc security
by combining the concepts from both the adaptive and the innate immune systems by modelling the attributes and
behavior of the B-cells and DCs.
Nauman Mazhar. (2010) Energy Efficient Security in MANETs: A Comparison of Cryptographic and Artificial Immune Systems, Pakistan Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Volume 7, Issue 1.
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