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Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common and dangerous consequence of rhabdomyolysis which
occurs in 50% of the cases with 5-10% mortality. In recent studies, eugenol has been reported as anti-fungal,
antihyperglycemic, analgesic, anti-bacterial, anti-pyretic, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant agent. This
study aimed to investigate the protective activity of eugenol on rhabdomyolysis-induced acute kidney injury
(AKI) in mice.
Methods: Male, 24 BALB/c mice were divided into 4 groups (controls, AKI, eugenol and ascorbic acid as
positive control). Controls and AKI were given normal saline, Eugenol (100 mg/kg bw) and ascorbic acid
(200mg/kg) were given orally eugenol and ascorbic acid respectively for four days. After water deprivation
for 24 hours, all animals, except controls, were injected with glycerol (50% - 10 ml/kg body weight
intra-muscularly). After another 24 hours, blood samples were collected and kidneys were dissected out for
biochemical investigations (serum urea and creatinine) and histopathological examination.
Results: Serum urea and creatinine levels compared to controls were significantly elevated in AKI group (p <
0.001) and significantly decreased, in eugenol and ascorbic acid groups (p < 0.001) compared to AKI group.
Histopathological examination revealed about 44% damage in the AKI group compared to the normal
group (p < 0.001). Eugenol and ascorbic acid decreased the damage to 13% and 8% respectively
compared to AKI group (p < 0.001). The tested compounds were found to reduce tubular cast formation.
Conclusion: Eugenol has protective effects on rhabdomyolysis-induced AKI in mice. Further studies are
required for evaluation of protective role of this compound in AKI.
Nadia Saifullah, Zahida Memon, Rehan Ahmed Siddiqui, Moazzam Ali Shahid, Talat Mirza. (2019) Eugenol Ameliorates Rhabdomyolysis-induced Acute Kidney Injury In Mice, The Pakistan Journal of Medicine and Dentistry, Volume 8, Issue-3.
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