Abstract
Pakistan is facing the most horrible disasters of water scarcity since two decades. Due to which wastewater is directly used for
agriculture without secondary and tertiary treatments which is affecting the soil, plant and human health negatively. In this
study wetland technology was used for the biological treatments of waste water using aquatic plants for irrigation. In a
prototype experiment, different effluents were treated and their optimal hydraulic retention time (HRT) was found. A
comparison was made between predicted and observed values after using a modeling approach. RCBD experimental design
with three treatments was selected for the study, where each treatment had three replications. Water lettuce (Pistiastratiotes
L.), pennywort (Centella asiatica L.) and duckweed (Lemnoidea elemna Minor L.) aquatic plants were used for wastewater
treatment. The wastewater quality was analyzed before and after treatment for particular parameters such asEC, Ca, Mg, Na
and heavy metals including Fe and Cu. Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR) was also calculated on the basis of results of Ca, Mg
and Na. Results showed the range of reduction efficiency of EC, Ca, Mg, Na and heavy metals 3-26%, 6-36%, 0-92%, 12-75%
and 4-35%, respectively. On the basis of this study, development of decision support system (DSS) was made to design a
constructed wetland (CW) which is most efficient for the treatment of various types of wastewater. Policy guidelines were
established for the safe reuse of treated wastewater for irrigation purpose.
Syed Tanvir Arshad Saadi, Muhammad Arshad, Muhammad Uzair Qammar, Muhammad Anwar ul Haq. (2020) DESIGNING AN EFFICIENT WETLAND BY DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM USING EXPERIMENTAL AND MODLING APPROACH, Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Volume 57, Issue 3.
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