Abstract
The combined effect of the plant derived aqueous smoke solution and the growth promoting rhizosphere bacteria on wheat was
investigated in the present study. The bacterial strains (NCCP-549, 550, 551 and 552) were isolated from the rhizosphere of
Ipomoea aquatica Forssk treated with the aqueous smoke solution derived from Peganumharmala L. Here we tested the
isolated bacterial strains for their growth promoting effect on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) alone or along with different
dilutions of the smoke solution in water (1:100 and 1:500 (v/v)). A series of bioassays were performed both in in vitro on plates
and in vivo in pots along with all the required controls. The bacteria were characterized biochemically and identified at
molecular level as Chryseobacterium, Acinetobacter and Bacillus spp. The combined treatment of bacterial strains and the
aqueous extract of smoke significantly increased seed germination, seedling and plant growth as depicted by the root/shoot
length, plant weight, chlorophyll, carotenoid, nitrogen, and protein contents. The shoot weight increased up to 90 % by
application of bacterial strains, alone or along with smoke solution as compared with control. Similarly, the chlorophyll,
carotenoid, nitrogen and protein contents also increased up to 30-58 %, 54 %, 109 % and 109 % due to application of the
treatments, respectively. The strain NCCP-550 along with the smoke solution (1:100) showed the maximum percentage
increase in the different parameters. This research highlighted the possibilities of combined use of aqueous extract of smoke
and the plant rhizosphere bacteria for improved growth and production of wheat.
Iqbal Nisa, Shafiq ur Rehman, Iftikhar Ahmed, Syed Akram Shah, Muhammad Mudassar Aslam, Muhammad Anees. (2020) EFFECT OF AQUEOUS SMOKE SOLUTION EXTRACTED FROM Peganum harmala AND THE BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM THE RHIZOSHPERE OF Ipomoea aquatic ON WHEAT GROWTH, Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Volume 57, Issue 3.
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