Abstract
Bactrocera zonata (Saunders) is among the most devastating species of Tephritidae, causing severe damage to fruits in Asian
countries including Pakistan. The management of this particular species is very challenging because of its complex biology,
mode of adaptation and wide range of hosts. Citrus occupies the prominent position in fruit industry of Pakistan in terms of its
area, production and export. No systematic information is available on the losses of citrus caused by B. zonata, and its
management. This study was conducted at Faisalabad and Sargodha districts. Data were collected at fortnight intervals started
at early maturity of fruits and continued for 60 days to assess the losses of fruit in three citrus varieties from four different
locations of each research site during 2015-16. Male Annilation Technique (MAT) and Bait Application Technique (BAT)
with insecticides and sanitation measures (Collection of infested fruit and buried deep in soil) were applied in the form of three
IPM models to monitor the infestation rate. The results show that maximum loss of fruit (14.95%) was computed after 60 days
of observation among three citrus varieties whereas the minimum fruit loss (6.87%) was measured at 15 days interval. Among
varieties, maximum loss (18.92%) was observed in Citrus reticulata during both years followed by C. sinensis and C. paradisi
with the highest loss in district Faisalabad (14.66% & 12.26%) as compared to district Sargodha (8.91% & 7.67%),
respectively. Among IPM models, the highest infestation was observed in IPM-1 (6.90%), followed by IPM-2 (4.31%).
Minimum infestation was recorded by IPM-3 (3.10%). The above findings indicated that the integrated management of B.
zonata using MAT and BAT techniques has significant effect over control on the fruit fly infestation in the citrus orchards of
the study area.
Muhammad Ashfaq, Muhammad Ahsan Khan, Abdul Rehman, Muhammad Dildar Gogi. (2020) LOSS ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF Bactrocera zonata (DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE) IN CITRUS ORCHARDS, Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Volume 57, Issue 2.
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