Abstract
Social class inequality is deeply rooted in our society. All spheres of life are subjected to this disparity even educational institutions are no exception. Different sociologists have explored underlying factors behind this phenomenon. One of the most prominent figures among these is Karl Marx who believed that between the two classes (ruling and the subject); first one remains on same positions due to economic superiority over the years as compared to the proletariat who experience restricted social mobility. Keeping in mind the existing educational structure based on class position as determined by Karl Marx theory, this study aims to see whether private schools are maintaining status quo in Pakistani society or not. In this regard, secondary data regarding key position holders (Matric.) of Board of Intermediate and Secondary Education (BISE) Lahore was obtained (last 5 years) and an overview of public and private schools fees and amenities was given on the basis of observation. Preliminary findings of the study suggest that private schools have been successful in establishing a status quo in education system of Pakistani society. This phenomenon is quite relevant to Karl Marx conflict theory which confirms that power group has access to resources and life chances which unprivileged have not. It is social class which determines the choice of educational institution and consequently future success. This study presents the true depiction of existing educational inequality in Pakistan and will help to re-initiate a debate for policy makers to overcome the educational inequalities in Pakistani education system.
Sonia Omer, Sadia Jabeen. (2016) Exploring Karl Marx Conflict Theory in Education: Are Pakistani Private Schools Maintaining Status Quo?, Bulletin of Education & Research, Volume 38, Issue 2.
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