Abstract
Nitrogen is an essential element for plant growth and development because it has special role in various physiological and biochemical processes of plants that improve plant productivity. This study was aimed on exploring the effect of supplementation by various levels (0.4, 0.7, 1 mM) of four inorganic nitrogen fertilizers viz., ammonium sulphate (AS) ammonium nitrate (AN), ammonium chloride (AC), diammonium phosphate (DAP) and an organic nitrogen fertilizer viz., urea in improving growth and development of cluster bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.). Results revealed a marked increase in length, fresh and dry weights of shoot at 0.7 mM of AN, AC and AS respectively, however, DAP improved leaf area at 1 mM level. Nitrogen content in shoot and root was significantly improved by application of AS at 1 mM level. Application of AN proved very effective for improving nitrate reductase activity at 0.7 mM treatment level. All studied yield attributes (nodules fresh and dry weights, number of pods per plant and seed yield) were improved by application of DAP at 1 mM level. Chlorophyll a, b, total chlorophyll and chlorophyll/carotenoid ratio were improved by application of AS at 0.7 mM concentration, however, carotenoid contents were improved by application of AC at 0.7 mM and chlorophyll a/b ratio was improved by all nitrogen fertilizers at 0.4 mM level. Photosynthesis (A), transpiration rate (E) and sub-stomatal conductance (gs) were improved by application of urea at 0.7 mM level, however, internal CO2 concentration (Ci) and A/E was improved by applying DAP and AS at 0.7 mM respectively. In conclusion, application of a combination of AS and urea at 0.7 mM and DAP at 1 mM concentration is very helpful in improving growth, physiological and yield attributes of cluster bean.
Ambreen Khadija Alvi, M. Sajid Aqeel Ahmad. (2021) COMPARATIVE EFFICACY OF VARIOUS NITROGEN FERTILIZERS IN IMPROVING GROWTH OF CLUSTER BEAN, Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Volume 58, Issue 3.
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