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The Constitution 1973 was the result of national consensus among representatives
of all provinces. It was deliberated by directly elected representatives of people
and unanimously acknowledge by all members of the parliament. Under the
constitution federal parliamentary system was adopted which was considered an
appropriate system for a heterogeneous society like Pakistan. The credit of
constitution making goes to Z.A Bhutto. It was a social contract among all
political parties for the smooth running of state affairs. Soon after its
implementation differences arose on the issue of power sharing and distribution of
authority. Seven amendments were made in the constitution to cope with the
prevalent issues. In this paper an effort will be made to analyze the causes of
amendments by its creators and why/how the federal principles were overrun.
The federal parliamentary system was introduced by Quaid-i-Azam Muhammad
Ali Jinnah after consultation with first Constituent Assembly of Pakistan. 1 The
federal system works on the principle ‘Unity in Diversity’, under which mutually
diverse elements accommodated each other for their common interests. This
system has been successful in diverse and heterogeneous societies like Pakistan.
Unfortunately due to centralist tendencies the federal system could not remain
operative properly in Pakistan which led to the failure of democracy as well as
decline of Muslim League rule during the early phase of Pakistani politics.
The constitutional history in Pakistan has always been under criticism since
beginning.
Syed Tahir Hussain Bukhari , Abdul Basit Mujahid , Muhammad Raza Taimoor, Sania Muneer , Syed Akmal Hussain Shah. (2020) Bhutto Era Amendments in the Constitution 1973: An Analysis in the context of Federalism, Journal of the Research Society of Pakistan, Volume 57, Issue 1.
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