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The paper aims at understanding and explaining mass-suicide of Sikh women in Thoa Khalsa village during the onslaught of violence in Rawalpindi district in March 1947. It first looks into the operat ... Read More
Media can disseminate unity among masses by highlighting their problem and issues.News media informed with updates.For political information voters rely media. Elections are considered back bone for ... Read More
Charismatic leadership emerges as a response to the political challenges. The life history of Benazir Bhutto also falls under the category of charismatic leadership as she displayed exceptional leade ... Read More
Iran has an essential influence on Middle East Politics, as a consequence of its geo-strategic and geopolitical position. Iran's Nuclear Program can maintain the balance of power in this region in its ... Read More
Jeremy Bentham’s concept of Panopticon introduced the notions of complete regulation, discipline, and observance. It is an official way of accomplishing procedures of coercion and surveillance to ens ... Read More
The malang today is a religious cultural icon which embodies an essential aspect of local culture and society. The present study focuses on the characteristic visual appearance of malangs as well as ... Read More
This is an analysis of Jinnah-Nehru’s leadership and about their emergence as charismatic political leaders in Colonial and post-Colonial India. Jawaharlal was deeply inspired by the political method ... Read More
South Asia has plausible economic growth, preponderant natural resources, energetic labour, fertile landmass and extended maritime space which provide vital access to its five nations with internatio ... Read More
Before embarking upon the anatomical analysis of the term ‘trade dispute’, it is expedient to cast a glance at the historical evolution of the definition in its chronological progression. Originally, ... Read More
This research paper, in a close textual analysis, examines the similarities and differences between Stephen Hero and A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man. Though Joyce makes autobiographical mater ... Read More
The study highlights the various ethnic groups in Pakistan particularly those of Balochistan. Their historical, racial, ethnic and tribal set up is discussed to demonstrate their specific characteris ... Read More
The notion of institutional investors is prevalent now a day partly because of their growing stake in markets globally and partly because of their ability as a professional intermediary to influence ... Read More
This study focuses on understanding the influence of innovative service quality measures on creating the loyalty among customers; with a mediating role of satisfaction among the online buyers. The re ... Read More
The key objective of this project was to determine students‘ perception of relationship between regime type and terrorism. It wanted to find out whether the type of regime in Pakistan determines the ... Read More
This conceptual paper tries to encompass the development of open innovation concept from 2003 till now. Open innovation is one of hottest and most debated topic in the field of innovation management. ... Read More
Pakistan came into being through a democratic process. The elections of 1945-46 were held on the basis of separate electoral system which led towards the separation of sub-continent. But, since incep ... Read More
This article explores the expansion of Pakistan-based transnational Sufi-inspired Deobandi silsila, Naqshbandia Awaisia in Britain. I argue that “Sufi networking is practicing in the transnational sp ... Read More
The very word Gandhara evokes a historical memory which predominantly relates to an art tradition. This art is popularly called as Gandhara art, also known as Buddhist and Greco-Buddhist art. It orig ... Read More
Information seeking through the media (mainstream and social media) plays a pivotal role in affecting health behavior of a population at risk during a health crisis. Health Belief Model (HBM) has bee ... Read More
The British annexed the Punjab in 1849. This annexation and the system of administration introduced by the British ignited the Frontier tribes, along the border of the Punjab, who confronted them vi ... Read More
Pakistan is facing many critical challenges today, but most important among them is our education which should be improved and expanded. Over the years, the ratio of dropouts becomes a very common pr ... Read More
The rate of out of school children and dropouts is alarming in Pakistan. There are many factors that are prevalent. This study did the comparison of voices of out of school children from the five di ... Read More
Kashmir is famous for its extraordinary natural beauty and resources. The reason for three wars between Pakistan and Indian since 1948 is a Kashmir dispute. The southern and eastern side of the Kashm ... Read More
The significance of this study is to identify the invisible realities of Shakir Ali’s symbolic imagery and to establish precise meanings of symbols used by the artist. Shakir grasped the visual essen ... Read More
The study throws light on the working of the institution of the PLA that despite all issues and Challenges PLA gave a good account to improve social and economic structure. A number of policies and ... Read More
The Kalasha society (Pagan people of the District Chitral-KP) is divided into two spheres; onjesta (pure) and pragata (impure) by means of religion and culture (collectively called dastoor). Accordin ... Read More
Present study investigated the influence of teachers’ conceptions on students’ academic achievement at secondary level. The study utilized correlational descriptive survey for identifying teachers’ c ... Read More
The use of social media for political communication has hiked exponentially in Pakistan in recent years. For this purpose, the use of Facebook has particularly been developed as a common practice am ... Read More
The Malakand district has to hold a very significant ancient and archaeological background in the region of Gandhara. In general, there have several rock art discoveries earned by the Antiquarians an ... Read More
The emergence of political Islam while focusing on pre- and post-partition era. In a pre-partition era, the focus is on various contributors of political Islam, like Jamal-ul- din Afghani, who throug ... Read More
Researchers had reviewed the United States image in prominent Pakistani English press. Three newspapers; daily Dawn, The Nation and The News were selected for this study. These prominent papers have ... Read More
The staple aims of this study are to measure the impact of agriculture credit/finance (X) on total fruits production (Y) keeping in view the moderating role of the rural population (M) in the context ... Read More
Rural development has a long history in Pakistan as that there development had to begin since the early years. At the eve of independence, Pakistan had been a predominantly rural country; the most ... Read More
‘The Little Prince’ is a complex re-presentation of life in the form of an allegory. The 20th century French author, Antoine de Saint-Exupéry, keeps its narrative simple at the surface level but the ... Read More
Home advantage is considered a well-documented phenomenon in various sports competitions to measure its effect on a player’s behavior and match outcomes. The present study examined testosterone level ... Read More
This study employs Dennis Klass’ (1997) continuing bonds theory to analyze Rainer Maria Rilke’s poem “My Life is Not This Precipitous Hour”. It attempts to display the poem as a sublimation of Rilke’ ... Read More
The Muslim demand for separate electorates was accepted in Minto-Morley Reforms 1909 and later it became the basic point around which the Muslims’ politics evolved till the obtaining of partition of ... Read More
Protection of alien’s property has been the key issue among the sovereign trading nations of the world. The contesting considerations of capital exporting nations and least developing capital importi ... Read More
Kinship (Baradarism) ties have been playing a vital role in man‟s social, economic and political life throughout ages. The establishment of society and state owe much to this cohesive force since the ... Read More
Generally, in most of the countries, consumer protection consists of laws and organizations designed to ensure the rights of consumers and the free flow of truthful information in the marketplace. Th ... Read More
These sources and authors have talked of the different opinions about the British governance in the Punjab. Some historians like S.S. Thorburn and Andre J. Major claim that they ruled Punjab even-han ... Read More
A cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the role of motivation and work environment in the turnover intentions of bank officers. It was hypothesized that motivation and work environment would p ... Read More
The objective of this research was to examine the dynamic relationship connecting normal criminals and white-collar criminals. Researchers have reported important data about the fears of society abou ... Read More
This article argues that although there is little mention of women in general and female slaves in particular in the Delhi Sultanate primary sources, these scarce references taken cumulatively creat ... Read More
Political landscape of Balochistan has always been marred by ethnic and progressive issues. Ranging from provincial autonomy to separatist movements, Balochistan has been largely an integrated unit o ... Read More
This article conducts a descriptive analysis of the contribution of Muhammad Hussain Najafī in reformation discourse in Pakistan. Najafī bears a distinct position by arguing for so-called reformatio ... Read More
The computers and telecommunication systems have global reach. States use technological advancements to increase their national power and national security. It drives the state behavior into security ... Read More
Migrants’ acculturation refers to the process of cultural and psychological adaptation that occurs when there is a direct contact between two or more social groups with different cultural backgrounds ... Read More
Social enterprises are always seen as a bridge to create economic and social value particularly in the time of social hardships. Social enterprises significantly contribute towards solving critical p ... Read More
The aim of this research study was to explore the teachers’ perspectives regarding the effectiveness of the teachers’ guide at primary level. No doubt teacher education is top priority of the every s ... Read More
As educational phenomenon, educational leadership is one of the most important aspects of educational institutions throughout the world. It leads all human, academic and financial resources in accor ... Read More
China has surprised the world through her unprecedented economic advancement and commendable behaviour towards global affairs. Her role as a responsible stakeholder has been acknowledged by all leadi ... Read More
This research aims to review the nature of Kulli Culture as a civilization as believed by only G. Possehl. Based on the current data, it does not provide satisfactory conclusion to be called a comple ... Read More
Colonization whereas on one hand ruled the colonies with a political fist also undervalued the native culture. Therefore, cultural colonization was more consequential since the native mind, conscious ... Read More
The concept of reform is associated with change, progress and prosperity. While studying past, it is always necessary to understand and learn the dynamics indicators of change which are inevitable pa ... Read More
Pakistan and China are facing many challenges to economic corridor projects. Western Region of China, Xinjiang and Balochistan are confronting with the insurgency and territorial problems to form ext ... Read More
This study aims at representing the generations of radio in different eras, i.e., since its inception till date. The prime objective of this research was to present the shapes and trends radio has ha ... Read More
Employees can help an organization to flourish by contributing their constructive thoughts. However, employees withhold their expressions due to a number of reasons. Such a behavior which is termed ... Read More
The tension between the right of freedom of expression and the desire among many Muslim majority countries to prohibit blasphemous speech has become a focal point of conflict between Western and Mus ... Read More
It is ironically believed that regionalism ushered political instability in Pakistan. In contrast, the creation of Pakistan is based on the bolstered slogan of full provincial autonomy for Muslims ma ... Read More
Political cartoon is a humorous way of communication that can convey a harsh meaning in a witty manner but its drawing is not as simple as it seems. Rather it is a multifaceted assembly of signs, cod ... Read More
This research paper, in a close textual reading, investigates Jean Rhys‟ Good Morning, Midnight in light of Jean-Paul Sartre‟s The Nausea. Both novels in their respective ways attempt to explore the ... Read More
Indian society has been divided in the standpoint of contentious constitutional developments that have made in the second consecutive tenure of BJP in the history of India. Stiff ideology of Modi’s g ... Read More
The fifteenth century marks a dominant phase f Baloch migration and settlement in what is now constitute as Balochistan, divided between Iran and Pakistan. The time is mythologized not only with the ... Read More
This study attempts to re-contextualize the causes and consequences of unrest and resistance in Balochistan. The paper focuses only on the socio-economic and political dimensions of the Balochistan. ... Read More
Judicial Activism is a developing doctrine which can be defined as the active role of Judiciary in constitutional matters of the state. The Judicial branch of a state can play an effective role in di ... Read More
Media have become a key element during the electoral process as it frames the image of political parties in a way that influence public opinion accordingly. This research aims at analyzing the editor ... Read More
Study habits play deciding role in educational achievement. This research is a comparison of male and female students’ study habits at undergraduate level in Education University Dera Ghazi Khan Camp ... Read More
Citizens can use social media for the purposes of participation and democracy (Stieglitz, Brockman and Dang-Xuan, 2012). Politicians and political parties need social media as a tool to endorse their ... Read More
This research article1 has attempted to explore, investigate and analyse the causes, effects and impacts of the 1985 party-less election held under Zia’s dictatorial reign. Zia executed Martial Law ... Read More
The historical, political junctures of colonial and post-colonial Punjab discloses that in the milieu of Punjab, the study of biraderi politics has probable new significance as it provides a rational ... Read More
This study focusses on the issue of sectarian violence and spread of hate material on social media in Pakistan, which always remained vulnerable to sectarian violence due to its socio-religious demog ... Read More
The focus of the current research was to investigate the relationhip between verbal working memory and developmental dyslexia in Pakistani young students. Verbal working memory is about how the verba ... Read More
This paper sets out to discuss role of social work as an egalitarian profession in the terrorists affected Federally Administered Tribal Areas (Ex-FATA) in the north of Pakistan. The culture, politic ... Read More
Social awareness is the ability of the person to collaborate, convey and build up common relations with others and performs duties with creative mind. The purpose of study was to identify levels of ... Read More
Sustainability has received significant attention of firms.by reducing resources wastes and increasing organizations’ overall performance Small and medium size enterprises (SMEs) in manufacturing se ... Read More
The judicial system of Pakistan has failed to provide in time justice especially in current challenging era. The ongoing war on terror and specifically the attack on army public school Peshawar unit ... Read More
International watercourses are the only supplementary sources of water for the many states having arid or semiarid climatic conditions that could economically be developed to bridge the rapidly increa ... Read More
Child marriage is a menace of the humanity that has been prevailing since pre-historic times and prevails today in the present modern days of progress and advancement in science, technology and even ... Read More
The main Purpose of this paper was to investigate the relationship of teachers’ performance with organizational culture and quality education. Population of this study was all the teachers of Governm ... Read More
In this paper, while building upon Anita Desai’s novel Fasting, Feasting (2013), I intend to explore how myth-inspired archetypal identity is an antagonistic element to revitalize Indian feminist re ... Read More
Customer-based brand equity and corporate sustainability have been identified as two most significant aspects of the corporate world. The corporate world is increasingly inclined towards adopting mor ... Read More
The studywas designed to explore the relationship between teacher immediacy and their students’ classroom participation. 726students,enrolled in teacher education departments at eight universities ... Read More
In the current Age the regional mutual cooperation in different fields, such as, economy, business, trade and civic sectors is a worldwide trend. Regional trade is at its peak as compared to the pa ... Read More
The study was designed to explore the impact of parental level of education and profession on girls‟ career orientation. The professional world is widening by the time. There are a lot of choices in ... Read More
The importance of competitive advantage has extended from manufacturing and services to education industry as it is crucial for their survival and growth. Knowledge management is considered integra ... Read More
The study tries to understand the significance of the construction of the rails and roads—a chain of the Silk Route, which enabled China to re-emerge as an ancient civilization. In this regard, one n ... Read More
The present research paper focuses on the predictors that are affecting on the child mortality which has emerged as natural calamity in District Tharparkar, Sindh. The Infant & child mortality was o ... Read More
De-radicalization is used in the context when an individual is not only get radicalized but also run through the path of rhetoric to violent extremism. Deradicalization is the only malady to wriggle ... Read More
There is worldwide recognition as stated by Virk and Isani (2003) that institute of higher learning for knowledge generation, knowledge distribution and knowledge utilization are the essential eleme ... Read More
To become agents for change, women must have equal access to equal opportunities. Literacy of women is a key to improved health, nutrition, and education, and to empowerment of women as full partici ... Read More
In matters related to foreign policy states act in pursuit of their interests but in the case of Pakistan religion and spirituality have also been playing a paramount role in determining its foreign ... Read More
This research is an attempt to examine the portrayal of the Pakistani political parties in the four leading newspapers of Pakistan during the elections of 2013. As Media assumes great importance dur ... Read More
This study aims to investigate the causal linkages between corruption and three of its main determinants comprised of income level, inflation and income inequality in Pakistan over the years 1980-20 ... Read More
This paper looks at the Madaris education system in Pakistan and analysis the facts how these Madaris can be managed in proper way so that they could produce vibrant economist, socially dynamic lead ... Read More
Since Pakistan established diplomatic relations with China in 1950, it has always maintained friendly bilateral cooperative relations and its all-round cooperation has become increasingly sophistica ... Read More
The study explores the impact of a conducive classroom environment on learners’ motivation towards language learning. For that to achieve, a questionnaire was developed based on Dornyei’s (2007) pro ... Read More
The aim of this article is to highlight the political role of the Dargah (shrine) of Khawaja Shams-ud-Din Sialvi, Sial Sharif in Punjab, Pakistan. This Dargah is considered one of the most renowned ... Read More
Organizational commitment is the least studied variable among police workforce. While majority of studies on commitment used Meyer and Allen’s (1997) threedimensional model, this study used Gillet an ... Read More
The Constitution 1973 was the result of national consensus among representatives of all provinces. It was deliberated by directly elected representatives of people and unanimously acknowledge by all ... Read More
The primary purpose of the present research study was to examine the use of different frequencies of PETTLEP imagery trainings on shooting performance of Archers over a period of two weeks. Particip ... Read More
This study analyzes multidimensional deprivations and vulnerability in two major provinces of Pakistan using the data of Pakistan Social and Living Standard Measurement (PSLM) 2014. It compiles a Mu ... Read More
The present study is an in depth analysis of groundwater pollution along the industrial zones of Lahore, Kasur and Kala Shah Kaku. A total of forty (40) ground water samples were collected randomly ... Read More
The subcontinent, as it emerged on the dawn of the twentieth century, was a multifarious community of many nations, social identities and religious proportions. The British had ruled this huge mass ... Read More
This is a two-fold paper. First, to inquire differences in gross pay of the same Basic Pay Scale (BPS) employee’s serving in the federal government of Pakistan and to inspect the reasons and justifi ... Read More
Quality management principles and practices helps supply chain management to deliver quality products in timely manner with a competitive cost to customers. However, this integration and its relatio ... Read More
This paper aims at discussing adequacy of social protection programs in the Pakistan and need and importance of overarching social protection system owing to pervasiveness of mass poverty and vulner ... Read More
The present research paper reflects those factors that are influencing career advancement of women academics towards senior positions in the universities of Pakistan. Researchershave examined organi ... Read More
There is enhanced recognition of monetary rights of the workers in contemporary jurisdictions but this doesn’t always demonstrate inflated enjoyment of the rights on ground. With this background, th ... Read More
Women empowerment is indispensable for attaining sustainable development goals (SDGs) 2030. This study empirically identified the key dimensions and determinants of women empowerment in Southern Pun ... Read More
The Afghans have a long history in India as migrants. Under the Delhi Sultans, they worked as petty soldiers who gradually rose to power and became a strategically placed minority in the power struc ... Read More
Plethora of works have been produced on the colonial and post-colonial history of the Punjab but the role of Mian Muhammad Mumtaz Daultana has been academically overnighted by the historians to date ... Read More
Media discourse as an interesting mixture of facts and opinions has intrigued researchers from the domain of linguistics specifically in the fulfilment of its persuasive goals. Newspaper editorials ... Read More
This paper is going to perceive that how much theory of ethnicity in terms of Pakhtun is applicable in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) in relation to 2008 general polls. The study argues that the Pakhtun et ... Read More
The purpose of this study is to identify the Fintech driven operational risk events as no historical data is available. For this, the study reviews the literature to list down possible OR events whi ... Read More
This experimental research examined the usefulness of metacognitive pedagogy on Cognitive Self-Consciousness for Pakistan Studies. A sample of twenty-nine prospective teachers from a distant learnin ... Read More
This research paper is an evaluation of the psychological transition in Humbert Humbert's character - the protagonist of Vladimir Nabokov’s Lolita. Humbert is initially driven by his obsessive desir ... Read More
This research examined psychological mechanism behind Innovative Work behavior (IWB) of knowledge workers through a moderated mediation model for answering how efficacy beliefs of individuals affect ... Read More
Fractal measures (Fdim, Dlac, and Dsuc) and Transverse-topographic-asymmetryfactor (Tfactor) were used to assess the neotectonic deformation with aid of MATLAB algorithms and (GIS) techniques. This a ... Read More
Early Muslims conquest of both empires of Eastern Romans and Persians brought lots of slaves, wealth and sources in the form of materials, and knowledge in Arabia, which initiated cultural diffusion ... Read More