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A thorough analysis of the Quran, the Sunnah, practices of four Caliphs and the principles given by the different Islamic Schools show that the fundamental requirements of the Islamic criminal justic ... Read More
The paper focuses on the nature of prevailing shrine politics in Jhang and the role of shrines and Sajjada Nashins. It highlights the influences of shrines on party politics and socio-religious fiel ... Read More
The Sikh problem emerged as a very crucial one in the Partition of India. They made up only 2% of India’s population and most of them lived in the Punjab. At the time of partition, they also demanded ... Read More
New museology has raised the status of museums to public spaces where interpretations and politics of displays have replaced mere description of collections. Museums as heritage and memory sites bri ... Read More
Afghanistan is rightly acknowledged as the ‘graveyard of empires’ and it is unclear who coined this historical phrase, but historical events have proved it right. America’s longest war, just short of ... Read More
Religious parties are supposed to be more open to factionalization on the relation between religion and politics and interpretation thereof. This tendency of factionalization can be seen aggravated b ... Read More
Abstract The paper tracks the history of higher education reforms in Pakistan and examines the recent higher education reform initiatives undertaken by Higher Education Commission under ‘Higher Educ ... Read More
The purpose of this study is to recognize the contribution of a commendable Pakistani artist, who from a simple stunt man became the Sultan of the Lollywood industry and how and why he ruled the cine ... Read More
To assess the greenery dynamics, the relationship between population changes and variation in normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) was observed. For this purpose, three major metropolitan c ... Read More
Several studies are available to study famines and epidemics in India, but there is a research gap on the co-occurrence of these natural catastrophes in the medieval era and the role of human factor ... Read More
China's Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) has multifaceted projects with a broad vision of many observers and analysts from both countries. China and Pakistan. CPEC is one of the BRI's mega projects con ... Read More
During last two decades immense pressure has been created for academic staff in universities to publish often and in volume, resulting in a debilitating culture of speed in academia. This paper criti ... Read More
Keeping in view the importance of learners’ motivation and engagement for successful learning, it is essential to explore the factors of social behaviour that affect students’ motivation level and th ... Read More
The democratic political system depends on electoral politics to a certain extent. The General elections prove to be a classic example of fathoming out the dynamics, tactics and complexities of elect ... Read More
There different variables that are associated with educational achievement and educational aspiration of the university students. In the current study researcher intended to find out the role of soci ... Read More
Birth during marriage is generally a conclusive proof of legitimacy of a child and a party which is questioning legitimacy of a child must not be allowed to disprove that fact. The stance of a party ... Read More
: Islam has been questioned by the Western Media as a religion of violence and terrorism after the US September 11, 2001 Terrorist Attacks because Osama Bin Laden has cited Islamic motives for his ... Read More
The key to understand a pandemic start with an understanding of the disease itself and the progression of the natural course of the disease. They are part of human race and even documented in all maj ... Read More
The present research is about architectural decoration of Shigar Fort Complex; it presents traditional 17th century and 20th century architectural style and decorative elements. The complex is based ... Read More
The recent take-over of Taliban in Afghanistan has raised questions whether women will be given their due rights or history would be repeated? The apparent situation till yet is not much encouraging. ... Read More
The era of 70’s was most important for Balochistan because it faced many political changes in its political structure and political culture. First of all Balochistan became independent province like ... Read More
Modern scientific inventions have shown their effects in every field of human life. The developments in cyber technology in the form of various software for chatting, mailing and record keeping have ... Read More
Due to historical reasons, the education of Muslim groups in South Asia is relative weakness. The Partition has aggravated this situation as the abundant educational resources have been transferred t ... Read More
The term "Internet Meme" was coined as a result of the rise of social media, and it is frequently used to advocate a product or a business. Meme Marketing is a clever and creative word used by adver ... Read More
This research unfolds the origin, style and materials of Pietra-dura, and its evolution in the subcontinent under the Mughals. This decorative artform has been considered as the most astonishing feat ... Read More
Woman is the pivotal part of any family around whom whole family system revolves. It is she, who is responsible for strengthening or weakening the family ties. When it comes to national life, she has ... Read More
This paper, informed by the approaches of New Historicism, attempts to examine fiction by Khaled Hosseini in the context of Afghan culture and history. The main body of this paper consists of the ana ... Read More
―The supreme art of war is to subdue the enemy without fighting.‖ (Sun Tzu, 2000) The 21st century is marked with the introduction of the concept „hybrid warfare‟ in the international politics, howe ... Read More
On December 07, 1970, first general elections were held in Pakistan. It took long 23 years that the government of Pakistan could manage to hold general elections, earlier (first phase—1947-1958) the ... Read More
Advance Technology has often been advocated as a mean of significantly reducing the incidence and severity of road crashes in metropolitan cities of Pakistan. It is a crucial determinant of national ... Read More
Misunderstanding is one of the significant issue of communication and therefore needs to be explored for successful accomplishment of communicative task. The study in hand attempts to understand the ... Read More
This article discusses the institution of prisons and analyzes the role of convict labour in the colonial Punjab with the concepts of profit-oriented, reformation, and making inmates skillful. The co ... Read More
The right to life is entailed to be acknowledged in its wider perspective with the aid of the philosophy of ‘life’ and ‘right’ as primarily ‘Right to Life’ is termed as not to be killed which is con ... Read More
This paper will explore Intra class conflict and landed factionalism in the Institution of Punjab Legislative Assembly that how the personal jealousies, clannish rivalries and vested interest create ... Read More
Gender based violence is a deep-rooted problem and stems from the patriarchal structures of societies by virtue of which, the laws existent on international and national level have got little to no i ... Read More
From its inception to the present, the globe has seen a wide range of religions and religious ideas. There have been and continue to be hundreds of religions on the globe, some of which are conflicti ... Read More
Development of the youth is a continues process and different prospects and dimension are related to it. Furthermore, there are different stakeholders involved in the healthy development of the youth ... Read More
The Appeal is a gateway of intervention of higher courts to pinpoint errors committed by the subordinate courts.1 The Pakistani legal regime does not recognise the right of appeal against the order ... Read More
The British Imperial Government raised rifles and militias in the strategic Tribal Belt consisting of the local tribesmen for performing military service during a time of need, as opposed to a regula ... Read More
Present study is a correlational research carried out involving Pakistani secondary school teachers and students. It was aimed to investigate the links between teachers’ conceptions of assessment and ... Read More
This article proposes that Mughal jewelry and gemstones had a social life. The way royal karkhana manufactured and emperors and royal family members circulated, controlled and gifted, determined the ... Read More
The semiotics of the kitchen in Pakistan in terms of sustainable development, structural violence and unequal distribution of resources, particularly technological ones, has been analyzed. The divers ... Read More
The main objective of this study was to analysis of perception about referee and general self-efficacy in Pakistan elite officials and athletes. Referee and technical officials are important for orga ... Read More
The intact world is facing an extensive range of Climate change terrorizing. The population growth and economic activities are fabricating huge pressure on the planet. Pakistan is also facing polluti ... Read More
Pakistan and China have enjoyed a long term relationship but the intensity of such relations have increased in recent times particularly after 2008. After that time period the number of agreements ha ... Read More
Pakistan became an independent county on the map of the World in 1947 on religious grounds. Though the religious parties opposed the idea of a separate state at an early stage but later on a section ... Read More
Non-animated advertisements are strongly signifying that people are related to different cultures and languages in the same country, but their choices are affected by what marketers do and divert the ... Read More
In Pakistan Islamization process has been continuous one since independence. The issue of Islamization has generated debate, both within and outside the country and one can find both positive and neg ... Read More
The main objective of the study is to investigate the link between employee voice behaviour and innovative behaviour with the mediating effect of felt obligation. Felt obligation and employee behavio ... Read More
To safeguard the fundamental right of parties to arbitration to get their dispute adjudicated from the unbiased arbitrator, the Pakistani legal regime needs to develop predictable and consistent pri ... Read More
In 1947 at the height of rioting in the Punjab hapless women were subjected to various forms of gendered and sexual violence. Sikh and Hindu women in the Rawalpindi Division also experienced multipl ... Read More
The famous term Subaltern used by Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak is a very dynamic term. This term cannot be seen just from a postcolonial perspective, and it can be applied to every unconsoled lot of th ... Read More
US foreign policy towards India under Obama administrations was the continuity of his predecessors G.W. Bush and Bill Clinton. In Indian circle policy of Obama was considered in good manners. Preside ... Read More
This paper discusses the gender identity in Sikhism with regard to the status of Sikh women in society. The Gender role and its record is always a neglected part in Sikh history. In order to examine ... Read More
The present study explored the online wedding invitation genre in Pakistan during the covid-19 pandemic. It analyzed the role of socio-cultural religious norms and beliefs in presenting such type of ... Read More
The article focuses on the influence of the British Empire over the workings of the Dargah of Baba Farid Ganj Shaker in West Punjab. It includes a study of the evolution of the spiritual successor an ... Read More
The caste system, or 'Baradari,' is a complicated web of socioeconomic and political relationships. The 'Baradari' system has deep origins in Pakistani politics and has changed over time. The functio ... Read More
This research highlights the impact of war zone on a child victim’s psyche by taking into account Khalid Hosseini’s The Kite Runner in the light of Thomas Joiner’s ‘Interpersonal-Psychological Theory ... Read More
Idiosyncrasy is unusual behavior or reaction of a person group of people towards certain phenomenon. The use of term idiosyncrasy is widely observed in pharmacy and medical where it refers to unusual ... Read More
The dynamics and nature of civil- military relations in Pakistan is determinental for the stability of the political system. Direct and indirect military involvement in state policies has developed a ... Read More
Indus Basin is the major fresh water reserve of Pakistan. Pakistan has serious issue of decrease in ground water quantity as well as quality. Indus basin irrigates about 4 million hectares of land in ... Read More
Role of effective classroom management strategies have been a topic of discussion among different stake holders such as educationists, teachers and principals. The answer to this question is still n ... Read More
The paper argues that Pakistan’s socio-political history is evident of agitational politics since its inception in 1947 but with the development of social and electronic media in the twenty first cen ... Read More
This study explores a mediation effect of trust in the relationship of service quality of e-banking and customer satisfaction and loyalty. The study used a convenience sampling technique for the gath ... Read More
The land of Baluchistan is further divided into 3 parts at present, western, northern, & eastern Baluchistan, & all these parts are expanded between Iran, Afghanistan & Pakistan by the borderline mak ... Read More
The phenomenon of Climate change has been considered as the modern age’s leading environmental problem and has been an issue of intense discussion. Considering the amount of scientific debate, the su ... Read More
Judicial Openness is an important step to ensure judicial fairness, curb corruption, and bring effectiveness in the judicial system. It is a key to promote constitutional principles and protect the l ... Read More
The research paper aims to probe Cathy Caruth’s Trauma Theory in Khushwant Singh’s Train to Pakistan and Saadat Hassan Manto’s “Khol Do”. The objective of the research is to unveil the gruesome arch ... Read More
This study unearths the correlation between the ideology of Pakistan and the discipline of Pakistan Studies, and its implications for the curriculum development of the aforesaid discipline in the cou ... Read More
This research shows that how and what role geography, environment and genetical basis [instincts] of human beings plays in making history, forming culture of humanity and the pathways of individual ... Read More