تلخیص
A Fatwa is about copying a command with clarity and
answering difficult Shari'ah issues which are uncommon. The
person who fulfills such kind of responsibility and issues a
fatwa is called “Mufti” in Islamic theology and “Bishop” in
Christianity.
The Mufti is indeed the bearer and preacher of the rules of
Shariah. Bishop is considered successor of the apostles, the
ruler of a particular church. Bishop's responsibilities include
conducting religious ceremonies, resolving spiritual issues,
protecting morals, preaching and burial or funeral, and
enforcing the faith of the faithful.
Both the Islamic and Christian theology have set forth different
rules for issuing fatwa and both the mufti and bishop are
bound to follow those rules in issuing of a fatwa. There could
be occasional mistakes in the process of fatwa. However,
remedial measures also exist in both the religions which are
applied to rectify those mistakes.
When a mufti issues a fatwa (Judgment), then in what
circumstances and to what extent it affects the decision of the
court or judiciary(Qaza)? Is there any provision in these
religions wherein the fatwa cannot be challenged and that the
content of the fatwa be considered as the last verdict? In this
paper, authors provide answers to such queries and further
provides a literary and comparative study of all these matters
related to issuance of fatwa