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تلخیص
Individuals represent societies. Their actions and reactions produce social forces which sometimes produce desired results yet sometimes yield effects which are not intended by the individuals. The Muslim political leaders of British India emerged and shaped by the challenges of their times. The ideals and values of Islam determined their actions. They tried to reconcile divergent ideologies with their faith. It is desirable to study the dynamics of their ideals and actions. It is also interesting to examine that why did a certain group succeeded in winning support of the Muslim masses over the other while adhering to the same ideals. This paper will particularly focus the ideology of nationalism that was debated and interpreted by various groups of Muslims quite differently.

Samina Awan, Kausar parveen. (2018) Ideological Orientation of Muslim Urban Leadership in Colonial India, Journal of the Research Society of Pakistan, Volume 55, Issue 1.
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