Background: Hemoglobin (Hb) has a significant role among other blood proteins vital for carrying nutrients to blood cells. Being a conjugated protein, Hb is prone to be captured by compounds of low ... Read More

Background: Xanthomonas axonopodis or X. axonopdis is the devastating causal organism of citrus canker, widely spread bacterial disease of plants from both epidemiological and economic points of vie ... Read More

Background: The importance of cotton crop (Gossypium hirsutum) in textile industry is based on its fiber quality. A number of fiber-specific genes play important role in the development of cotton fi ... Read More

Background: Metal pollution has become one of the most serious environmental problems due to various human activities. It can damage or alter the biosphere reducing the agricultural productivity and ... Read More

Background: Zea mays L. is one of the most imperative cereal crop in world after wheat and rice. It is a used as food for human and feed for livestock. To meet the ever increasing demand, maize prod ... Read More

Background: There exist different methods to preserve the nutrition, color and taste of the fruit pulp for prolonged availability. Bacterial and fungal growth greatly affect the texture and taste of ... Read More

Background: Poultry sector is a vibrant segment of Pakistan economy and is a viable source of animal origin protein source. The growth of this sector is badly affected by different devastating probl ... Read More

Background: Sacchrum officinarum is acknowledged as a basic source for the production of sugar in Pakistan and worldwide, one of the major constituents of human diet. The presented study optimizes a ... Read More

Background: mtDNA testing is often successful in cases where nuclear DNA is highly degraded or the sample source is too limited. Sequence polymorphism of D-loop region of mtDNA has been used for ide ... Read More

Background: Bacterial Leaf Blight (BLB) is the most devastating disease of rice. This disease can reduce grain production by 20-50% and yield by 25%. The disease is widespread in Asia, United State, ... Read More

Background: Hepatitis C virus is a small, enveloped single stranded, positive sense RNA virus. Different genotypes are distributed in different geographical areas of the world. Determination of HCV ... Read More

Background: Coagulation abnormalities such as thrombosis and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) are the major factors that play a major role in breast cancer. In the study, coagulation abn ... Read More

Background: An efficient method of artificial mass propagation was optimized for two very nutritious vegetables of Pakistan, the cabbage and cauliflower. Methodology: Hypocotyls of germinating of se ... Read More

Background: Potato is a starchy and tuberous crop from the perennial Solanum tuberosum of the Solanaceae family. The annually consumed diet of an average global citizen in the first decade of the 21 ... Read More

Background: Maize is one of most important cereal crop in world after wheat and rice. It is grown in Pakistan as a major cash crop cultivation in the area of 1083 thousand hectares producing 3990 th ... Read More

Background: Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is a diploid species, known as Beniseed, Gingelly, Sim-Sim and Til. It is grown in tropical and subtropical areas of the world. Sesame seed contains high nutr ... Read More

Background: As potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is one of the most liked food crops for human diet so increasing its production is an important goal for scientists to achieve. In this molecular study, ... Read More

Background: Among important aspects of forensic science there stand recovery, preservation and analysis of stains originated by body fluid. DNA Isolated from evidence stains help to exclude an innoc ... Read More

Background: Blood transfusion is one among the common sources for transmission of the infectious diseases. In Pakistan, a country of population about 1.8 billions, blood required for transfusion is ... Read More

Background: Adoptability of biotech crops has climbed up dramatically in the world from 1.7 million hectares in its introductory period in 1996 to 170 million hectare in 2012. Area planted to biotec ... Read More

Background: Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is understood to be one in all the foremost common hereditary disease and critically associated with Coronary heart condition worldwide. FH is taken in ... Read More


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